50. Americans most commonly participate in our political system by: Joining an interest group. Voting in presidential elections. Contributing money to a candidate. Volunteering on a political campaign. Signing a political initiative. 51. All of the following statements explain the tendency for most Americans to consider themselves as “moderates,” except: Americans share a common set of political beliefs. A majority of Americans are uninformed about issues, so tend to take a middle or moderate view. Americans reject political extremes in general, whether of the left or of the right. Americans are pragmatic about choosing and implementing solutions to political and social problems. B and D only. 52. When an international crisis is interpreted to represent an imminent threat to the United States, which of the following best describes the immediate impact of this event on the Presidency? Approval ratings are unaffected as are formal powers of the office. A sharp decline in approval ratings occur due to public disappointment with the way the President is exercising his role as chief of state. Approval ratings increase sharply, as does the President’s role as Commander-in-Chief. There is a slight decline in approval rating. None of the above. 53. The Madisonian model of government was based upon all of the following except: Separation of powers among the three branches of government. Checks and balances. Direct democracy. Republican government. Control of factions. 54. Which of the following statements characterize public knowledge about major political issues? People receive the majority of their political information from the mass media. People who have intense feelings about an issue tend to be more knowledgeable about it. Americans tend to be attentive to the details of complex issues. A and C only. A and B only. 55. One of the president’s key assets, according to Richard Neustadt, is: "The power to persuade.” The ability to use the media skillfully. The ability to compromise with Congress. A capable White House staff. Cabinet staff who readily take orders from the President. 56. A set of beliefs forming a general philosophy about the role of government is: A political ideology. Public opinion. A political agenda. Political socialization. None of the above. 57. Governmental officials consider different proposals and respond to the concerns of various segments of the public during which stage of the policy process? Agenda building. Policy formulation. Policy adoption. Policy implementation. Policy evaluation. 58. All of the following statements are true about electoral realignment, except: It tends to occur about once every 30 years in our political history. Realignment not occurred in the past 3 decades of divided government. It can have major effects upon governmental policies and institutions. It occurs when the dominant party is supplanted by a new party. It reflects voter disenchantment with political parties. 59. In which of the following is most of the legislative work of Congress conducted? Rules committees. Conference committees. Standing committees. Select committees. Joint committees. 60. Informal roles played by the president include: Chief of state. Commander-in-chief. Economic chief. A and C only. None of the above. 61. De facto segregation:I. Is legally sanctioned segregation.II. Segregation that isn’t legal but exists, nevertheless.III. Was addressed successfully in Brown v. Board of Education. IV. Persisted despite court rulings, with white flight and other reactions to desegregation rulings. II only. I and III only. II and IV only. IV only. II and III only. 62. The use of primaries rather than caucuses as the principle method of nominating candidates for general elections has had which of the following effects? Weakening party control on the nominating process. Reducing the opportunity for the media to influence elections. It made the selection process more closed. Diminishing the power of PACs. Reducing the number of citizens participating in the nomination process. 63. Which of the following are part of the presidential role of chief diplomat?I. Nominating ambassadorsII. Signing executive agreements with foreign leadersIII. Sending troops to intervene in a foreign military conflictIV. Recognizing a new foreign governmentV. Negotiating treaties with foreign nations All of the above. I, II, and III only. I, III, IV, and V only. I, II, IV, and V only. II, III, IV, and V only. 64. All of the following are advantages to an incumbent during Congressional elections except: They tend to have greater access to PAC funding. The franking privilege. The ability to demonstrate a pattern of voting. The ability to provide constituent services. Political party affiliation.
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